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Fatehabad (Hindi: फतेहाबाद),(Punjabi:
ਅੰਬਾਲਾ) is a city and a municipal committee in Fatehabad
district in the state of Haryana, India.
History
Aryans at first on the banks of the rivers -the
Saraswati and the Drishadvati, and in the course of their
expansion covered a wider area of Hisar and Fatehabad. The
area was probably included in the kingdom of Pandavas and
their successors. Panini mentions quite a few towns of the
region-Aisukari, Taushayana (Tohana) and Rori which have
been identified with Hisar, Tohana and Rori, respectively.
According to Puranas, the areas of Fatehabad district
remained a part of Nanda empire. The discovery of Ashokan
pillars at Hisar and Fatehabad shows that the area of the
district remained a part of Mauryan empire. The people of
Agroha area assisted Chandragupta Maurya in the war against
Greeks. After the fall of the Mauryas and Sungas, the Agras
along with the Yaudheys-the republican tribes of the
region-asserted for their independence. The Agras settled in
the region covering Agroha and Barwala. They issued coins
from Agroha, the capital headquarters.
As attested by the discovery of coin-moulds and terracottas,
the region was a part of Kushan Empire. According to A.S.
Altekar, the Yaudheys made a second bid for independence
towards the end of the second century A.D., came out
successful in their venture and succeeded in freeing their
home-land and ousting Kushans. This finds support from the
Agroha seal1. The early 11th century saw the Ghaznavid
inroads in this area. Sultan Masud led the expeditions
towards Agroha.The Chauhans seem to have taken special
measures for protecting the area against Muslim incursions.
The area of Agroha passed on to the Muslim rule after the
defeat of Prithviraj III in the Second Battle of Tarain
(1192).
After the Battle of Tarain, Sultan Shihab-ud-din Muhammad
Ghuri placed one of his ablest generals in the Indian
campaigns. But it appears that any meaningful control could
not be established. Seizing the opportunity, a Rajput clan,
Jatus, believed to be an offshoot of Tomaras, widely
extended their power in Fatehabad area including Agroha2.
Firuz (1351-88) shot these areas into prominence. The ruler
came to have somewhat unusual fancy for the tract (Hisar).
It is a great credit to him that he established new towns of
Fatehabad and Hisar and built two canals; one taking off
from Ghaggar at Phulad and following the course of Joiya up
to the town of Fatehabad. After the death of Firuz (1388),
chaos and confusion spread all round . The situation
deteriorated still further when Timur invaded in 1398.
During his marching, Timur invested Fatehabad which was
captured without any opposition from the inhabitants.
Lastly, the invader reached Tohana but he could not set- up
his permanent rule over the area. He soon left for Samana
after looting these areas. The areas of Fatehabad came under
the control of Mughals-Babar and Humayun. There is a small
and beautiful mosque known as Humayun mosque at Fatehabad .
The legend assigns the association of the mosque to the
Mughal Emperor Humayun who in his flight after his defeat at
the hands of Sher Shah Suri happened to pass through
Fatehabad. Fatehabad was one of important Mahals during
Akbar's time
By 1760, the areas became the scene of a sort of triangular
duel between the sturdy Sikhs of north-east, marauding
Bhattis of north-west and the Muslim chiefs of the south.
None of them could, however, hold the region permanently
except for the Bhattis who became the masters of Fatehabad
pargana. In 1774, Maharaja Amar Singh of Patiala along with
his famous minister Dewan Nanumal laid seize to the
stronghold of Bighar near Fatehabad which fell shortly
afterwards. The Raja then took Fatehabad and Sirsa and
invested Rania held by Bhattis. Tohana also was seized by
the Chief of Patiala. But after a treaty of Jind in 1781,
Fatehabad and Sirsa were made over to the Bhattis and
remaining territories were allowed to be retained by the
Sikhs .
By 1798, Agroha and Tohana were important parganas under the
control of George Thomas. When George Thomas was driven out
from here by the Sikh-Maratha-French Confederacy, a French
Officer Lt. Bourquian controlled these areas on behalf of
Marathas . He is said to have rebuilt the towns of Tohana
and Hissar. Later these areas were placed under the charge
of Illias Beg, a Mughal noble of Hansi.With the treaty of
Surji Anjangaon 1803, the British became the rulers of this
area and Marathas were vanquished forever. In November,
1884, the Sirsa district was abolished and Sirsa tahsil
after the distribution of villages was formed . In 1889, 15
villages forming a detached block known as Budhlada were
transferred form Kaithal tahsil to Fatehabad tahsil. The
Barwala tahsil containing139 villages was abolished with
effect from January 1, 1891 and its area was distributed
between 3 contiguous tahsils ; 13 villages going to Hansi,
24 to Hisar and 102 to Fatehabad. At the same time 13
villages were transferred from Hissar tahsil to Bhiwani
tahsil and a sub-tahsil was established at Tohana in
Fatehabad tahsil. In 1923, the Tohana sub-tahsil was
transferred from Fatehabad to Hisar tahsil. In 1972, Tohana
sub-tahsil was upgraded to tahsil. Two sub-tahsils, one at
Ratia of tahsil of Fatehabad and other at Adampur of Hisar
tahsil were created in 1979. By the end of 1978, the Hisar
district comprised 486 villages, divided between tahsils of
Fatehabad -166; Hisar-115, Hansi-119 and Tohana-86.
Fatehabad came into existence as a full-fledged district
with effect from 15-7-1997, now having three sub-divisions,
three tahsils and three sub-tahsils.
The district derives its name from its headquarters town
Fatehabad The town was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlak in the
14th century. He named it after his son Fateh Khan, as
Fatehabad.The Fatehabad district was carved out of Hisar
district on 15-07-1997. Mr.P.C.Bidhan was the first Deputy
Commissioner and Mr.Manoj Yadava was the first
Superintendent of Police
Geography
Fatehabad is located at 29.52°N 75.45°E. It has an
average elevation of 208 metres (682 feet).It is located in
the south western part of Haryana. It is surrounded by
Punjab in North, district Hisar in south, district Jind in
East and Rajasthan and district Sirsa in the West. The
geographical area of the district is 2520 km2. which is 5.4
% of the state share.
Topography
The district Fatehabad is an alluvial plain of Indo-Gangetic
basin. There is no perennial river flowing through the
district only a seasonal river i.e. Ghaggar is flowing
through Ratia and Jakhal. Bhakra and Western Yamuna are two
main canals which irrigate most part of the district.
Climate
The climate of the district is of tropical type with
intensively hot summer and cool winter, with a temperature
of 47 in June and 2 C in December and January. The average
rainfall of the district is 400 mm.
Click to Enlarge
Infrastructure
Development of an area largely depends upon the availability
of certain basic infrastructure like :-
Transport
Stated below is the condition of most used means of
transportation in Fatehabad.
-
Railways
Tehsil Tohana and Bhattu Kalan Block of Fatehabad
district is well connected by broadgauge railway with
Punjab, Delhi and district Sirsa.
-
Road Transport
In Fatehabad district, there is a net work of metalled
roads which connect all its villages and towns. National
Highway No.10 connects Fatehabad with Delhi and Punjab.
-
Electricity and Power
All the villages in district have been electrified since
1970. Haryana Electricity Board is providing connections
to the backward and economically weaker sections under a
special programme. A MOU has been signed with an
American firm to set up 1000 MW Thermal Power Project at
Hisar (Near by district
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Agriculture Marketing
The district is well equipped with the marketing
facilities. There are 5 regulated markets with 7 sub
yards. The proper storage facilities have been provided
at all the focal points.
Demographics
As of 2001 India census, Fatehabad had a population of
59,863. Males constitute 53% of the population and females
47%. Fatehabad has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher
than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%,
and female literacy is 60%. In Fatehabad, 14% of the
population is under 6 years of age. Fatehadbad also has a
large jat Sikh population due to neighboring the Punjab
state. Fatehabad was made up by Firoj Shah Tuglak.The most
influential community is erstwhile punjabis of western
punjab,who had migrated here in year 1947.
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Sh.
Parhlad Singh
M.L.A., Fatehabad
STD Code
01667
Pin Code
125 050
Telephone Directory
Fatehabad Property Bazar
College Ranking
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